Ventilating system



Patented Sept. 17, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

FLOYD T. HAGUE, F WILKINSBUBG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WESTINGHOUSEELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION- OF PENNSYLVANIAVENTILATING SYSTEM L Application filed September 13, 1926. Serial No:135,087..

My. invention relates to ventilating systems and it has particularrelation to the ventilationlof rotary converters which may, or may not,be provided with boosters.

My invention relates to certain details and combinations relating to'the ventilation of rotary converters which will best be understood byreference to the accompanying drawing, wherein Fig 1 is a few, partly inlongitudinal section an'd part y in elevation, showing a rotaryconverter installation in accordance with my invention, and

Fig.2 is alongitudinal sectional elevation of a. rotary"converter.installation representing'the'most advanced progress of the art prior tomy invention. v V

The applicationiof rotary converting apparatus to mostjlarge 'Edisonsystems requires "totally iin'closed', forced-ventilated convertersfandmotorgenerator sets in order to "secure adequate ventilation, tomaintain a low ambient rooin 'temperature and to.

deaden the noise sufficiently to insure satisfactory operation underpresent and future operating conditions."

In the ventilation of synchronous converters, it is very-undesirable toallow the metal dust from the alternating-current brushes to passthrough'the machine windings and, for this reason, it is most desirableto introduce the cooling air into the machine from the front end underthe commutator; but this usually involves forcing the cooling air inopposition to the natural ventilating tendencies of the machine, and,for that reason, it has required considerable development work andexperimentation with machines in actual operation.

In Figs. 1 and 2 is shown an enclosure system for a booster rotaryconverter Where in the entire machine is enclosed in a small roomor'enclosure comprising side and top walls 1 and 2, a central partition3 between the top wall and the top of the stator frame 4 of the rotaryconverter and a corresponding bottom partition 5 in the pit 6 underneaththe converter. The air inlet is through an opening 7 in the pit on thecommutator side of the partitions and the air outlet is through anopening 8 in the' top Ofthe en ventilating passages 14,"an armature;spider having radial and longitudinal, ventilatf ing passages 16 and17,'a commutator mem ber 18 and a commutator spider j19, the latterhaving longitudinal ventilating openings 21 and being mounted upon theshaft llfadjacent to the front end of th earmature core 12 and spider15. a

In the apparatus illustrated in the ing, the co nvert 'er' isprovidedwith a booster 22 comprising 'a'stator memberf23 and a rotormember 24, the latter comprisin'g'an' armature core 25 and anarmature.spider 26, dis-. posed on'the shaft 11 adjacent to the rear endof the rotary-converter-armature ea s-'12 and spider 15. A plurality ofslip-rings'27farey ture core and spider.

Alternating current is led into the converter by means'of metallicbrushes mounted j disposed at the rear end of the.booste'r afrrna on brushholders '28 in operative relation to the slip-rings 27, The directcurrent is led away from the c'ommutatorjmember 18 by means of carbonbrushes mounted in suitably disposed brushholders 29, as will bewellunderstood .by those skilled in the art.

Means are provided for drawing air through the converter, and this meansmay comprise, in addition to the natural or. forced draft obtaining inthe. air inlet 7 and thedischarge flue 8, a blower compris ing aplurality of plates 31 mounted on the rear end of the rotary-converterarmature spider 15, for drawing air through the longitudinal ventilatingpassages 21 and 17 of the commutator and armature spiders of the rotaryconverter, and a second blower comprising plates 32 mounted on the frontend of the armature core of the rotary con-' verter for ventilating thefront end of the armature winding 13. Natural ventilation is usuallylargely relied upon forventilat ing the booster 22. a I It will now beapparent that, in an enclosure system supplying air from the com- 39,thus resulting in an-insufiicient cooling mutator end, it is necessaryfor practically of the rotary-c0nverter parts ust menall of the coolingair to enter the machine tioned.

through the commutator spider. It has According to my present invention,as

been found from experience that only a shown in Fig. 1, the defects ofthe earlier ventilating systei'i'is are effectively overcome.

limited amount of air can be supplied through '-.the commutator spider,owing to The leakage-path between the conmiutator the small area whichis usually available bespider and the front end of the armature tweenthe spider arms of the commutator; spider of the rotary converter isclosed by Referring; totFignfl of..-t,he1 -drawing,-;I= means of a cybnd-ricahbatlie -11, and by haveindicated.;thesarrangemenh-of!partsi-fcylindrieal I mean either.eylinclri-cal, and the air flow in a booster rotary confrursto-eonical,or the like, as will be readily 'erter constructed in accordance withthe"understood. past practice, prior to n 1y invention. The The airwhich is discharged from the rearcommutator necks 33 and the 'front endend blower 3 is prevented from blowing turnsof the armature windings l3const i.;aw ay fz'om tlie rotary, converter; toward the tute powerfuljblowergyhiclr'gooope iates booste riby means of a substantiallyradially with'fthe front end blotter. 32 in drawing extending bafileat-Zwherebythe-major, porair front-the, interior ,of. the armaturgas,tion of ,theaiipwhieh is discharged fronrthe indicated by thearrow34..1.,The' aiinxvhich rearencLof the longitudinal \-entilatingpasis so 'drawnfrom the:sinterionof tlie a1'1na-,,;sage in the armaturespider of the rotary ture, l1 o\\ eve'r, is a partof the'liniited;.quan-.,,eonyergter, is causedto pass up.- close tothe tityjofair'which, hasalready passed througlr i rear end, of v the. 'rotary-conerter armature the restricted commutator? spider; 0 penings,.v core,thuseffectually ventilatingthe same, and it' seriously; reduces tl1e.,quan ti ty,.of.air The radial; bafile lfl may, conveniently be availablefor, circulation in. tl1q,longitudi nal. secured .to the end-turnarmature-coil supand ritcli'aLregfilating passages ..o .f the ar-- ports43, and it may extend downwardly to mature spider and, core of; the.rotary, eon;

verter. blower plates 31, so that the blower is dis- The :flow, ofthecooling airhin priob venposedinainly infrontof the baflien'iembeizutilating systems is, fully, indicated-,by,arrows. In rotary co nverters. which .are, not. provided :1 point slightly above therear.cornerof the.

1n Fig. 12. By, reasqn nofat ie, .comlpnedmwitli boosters, it will be.understoodthat the,

blqwer, actions of .the rotoi's 9 and 9A 0 [the rad.ial,batil e.f12.maybe exterided do\ 'n .to the conuerter.3nd,,booster, it .usually-happens .shaft otthe machi-nein ordeiuto preventany that the air.i sdischarged vertically.ibetween flowof-air underneath the b.alfle,.assuch [low the .stator .mem,her s,qflthetwotmachines as \\-'ould.obviously bcwasted ifthere were no indicattxi .by: tl q arroiy. -3i 5 i .As,a result, of boosteiwbeyond the same, to be. .cooled thereby.

theldiminutiopi f-Jthe aiizentering thecomgg It will be noted thattheipaths:taken by mutator spider by reason of theleakage paththewentilating air -.in a booster rotary confitbetween, the commutatorandthe-front vcrterare dependent. llPQlLlZllG relative fanend of, therotaryyconyerterarmature, -it ,ning actions of the rot-or.incu1 be i-sof the frequently.,happens lsoz that, .someof the? booster andtheconverter, respectirelyi Dy tl-lli.\\l1l0ll hasentered the'booster,armature closingthe front-end.leakagepath:by means.

spider; from..undon..the ,.metallic .slip-ring,.ofany..cylindricalballleAl and by proriding brushes enters the rear;end of the-rotary a radial battle 42 behindthe;rear end,blo\rerconverter armature spider;and .50 passes- 31, I hare so conserved theair passing into the...ventilatingducts-of the,-rotary. through.theueonimutator SpldClfQfi my niacomterterarmature: core,; as.indicated. by chine that there is a blast of an whiehcsthe-arrow.36...:It will thus. beseen thahin capes below--the radialnlmfil nfl andis dis-;

addition to making, an ll'lQlfiQiQPttlSQQf, the cl1argedrearwardlytowardthe booster mein air passing;,through the restrictecl rentilat; -ber.22,as indicated by-the arrows H1.

ing, passagesjn the commutator .spide r,; the, l ha zethus lc\-crs0(l,.i'l1c natural xentilat; rotary conuerters of the-prior,arttalso in;volved thecontaminatjoirof the rotary-con; booster ventilating: into bedischarged from i'erter armat reffi vith .metallic dust-v partithe rearend of the booster arr-nature spider, eles carried .roln.thehslip-ringst machines, ;as l 1 eretofiore constructed, resultedarmature spider, as .was the case in the conm a dischargeaof. any fromt-he, spacenbestract onshown in Fig. 2. Thus, the vent;-

tw e e n the.;,coi 1ve,rte r and the booster, in a latii1g,-air is blownfro nthe booste -fto thei direetiontoward-the booster; and awaySPZLQCJIIOUIIClIllQSllP IZiDg b I'USllQS, in my. infrom thewendplate;37.1ot the' rotary-con.- vention, insteadof. being drawn over thex 'ertegnarmature core;and. 'away ;from the .slip i:ii 1gs, andthenceinto the ,v italparts of. end turns 38 of the rotarycon{erter--armathe (machine, asuvas the casein prior con-,

ture windings m, as .indicatedby thevarrow struetioas,

lOO

ing, airllowoi the booster, bv causing, the

as ind icated by, the arrow 45, instead of. bein gi Reference t-o l1q. 2will also show. that; discharged from the front end-cf the booster Onmachines having short commutator necks, the cooling of the front-endturns of the rotary-con'verter-armature winding 13 is accomplished bythe utilization of twisted or skewed commutator necks 46, as indicatedin Fig. 1, which constitute inclined blowers tending to cause the air topass into the machine, toward the front. end of the armature core 12,rather than out of the machine, as has sometimes happened by reason ofthe powerful blower action of the usual commutator necks, causing asuction of air away from the front end of the armature core.

While I have described my invention in considerable detail in apreferred embodiment, it will be obvious that many changes andmodifications may be made without sacrificing the essential featuresthereof. I desire, therefore, that the appended claims shall be accordedthe broadest construction consistent with same and the prior art.

I claim as my invention:

1. A rotary converter of the unenclosed type comprising a stator memberand a rotor member comprising a shaft, an armature core having armaturewindings and radial ventilating pasages, an armature spider havingradial and longitudinal ventilating passages, a commutator member andcommutator spider disposed on said shaft adjacent to the front end ofsaid armature core and spider, said commutator spider havinglongitudinal ventilating passages, a plurality of slip rings disposed atthe rear of the armature core and spider, means for drawing aventilating fluid from the commutator end through said longitudinalventilating passages in said spiders, means for insuring that all of thefluid for ventilating all of the passages enters atthe outer end of saidcommutator spider, characterized by a cylindrical baflle between theperipheries of the commutator and armature spiders.

2. A rotary converter of the unenclosed type comprising a stator memberand a rotor member comprising a shaft, an armature core having armaturewindings and radial ventilating passages, an armature spider havingradial and longitudinal ventilating passages, a commutator member andcommutator spider disposed on said shaft adjacent to the front end ofsaid armature core and spider. said commutator spider havinglongitudinal ventilating passages, a plurality of slip rings disposed atthe rear of the arma ture core and spider and means for drawing aventilating fluid from the commutator end through said longitudinalventilating passages in said spiders, means for insuringthat all of thefluid for ventilating all of said passages enters at the outer end ofsaid commutator spider, characterized by a cylindrical battle betweenthe peripheries of the commutator and armature spiders, and separatemeans constituting twisted or skewed commutator necks for blowing aparallel flow of: ventilating fluid against the front end of thearmature core and windings, through said converter and external of saidarmature.

3. A rotary converter of the unenclosed type comprising a stator memberand a rotor member comprising a shaft, an armature core having armaturewindings and radial ventilating passages, and armature spider havingradial and longitudinal ventilating passages, a commutator member andcommutator spider disposed on said shaft adjacent to the front end ofsaid armature core and spider, said commutator spider havinglongitudinal ventilating passages, a plurality of slip rings disposed atthe rear of the armature core and spider, means for drawing aventilating fluid from the commutator end through said longitudinalventilating passages in said spiders, means for insuring thatsubstantially no ventilating fluid from said slip rings is led into saidarmature spider, characterized by a substantially radially extendingbaflie adjacent to the rear end of the armature core and spider, saidventilating means comprising fan blades adjacent to, and substantiallyin front of, said radial battle. I

4. A rotary converter of the unenclosed type comprising a stator memberand a rotor member comprising a shaft, an armature core having armaturewindings and radial ventilating passages, an armature spider havingradial and longitudinal ventilating passages, a commutator member andcommutator spider disposed on said shaft adjacent to the front end ofsaid armature core and spider, said commutator spider havinglongitudinal ventilating passages, a plurality of slip rings disposed atthe rear of the armature core and spider, means for drawing aventilating fluid from the commutator end through the said longitudinalventilating passages in said spiders, means for insuring that all of thefluid for ventilating all of said passages enters at the outer end ofsaid commutator spider, characterized by a cylindrical baflie bet-weenthe peripheries of the commutator and armature spiders, and asubstantially radially extending baflie for preventing fluid fromentering said passages by way of said slip rings, adjacent to the rearend of the armature core and spider, said ventilating means comprisingfan blades adjacent to, and substantially in front of, said radialbaffle.

5. A rotary converter comprising a stator member and a rotor membercomprising a shaft, an armature core having armature windings and radialventilating passages, an armature spider having radial and longitudinalventilating passages, a commutator member and commutator spider disposedon said shaft adjacent to the front endof said armature core andspider,'said' commutator tilating fluid from said sliprings is led intosaid armatmr espidor.-

(i. 'Ihe-combination of a rotaryconverter of .t he unenclosed .typecomprising a stator mcmbeiw and a rotor member comprising a shaft, anarmature: core .-ll1l\ '-l l'lg armature v said shaft. adacentito'theifiront end of said windings and, radial. -.ventiliiti-ngpassages, anarmature spider having,- radial and longi' tudinalventilating. passages,g=a commutator member and commutator.spiderdisposedon saidshaft. adjacent to the. front end of said armaturecorenand spider, said commutator spider .havin longitudinalyentilatingpas, poster converter of the :une

esnds closed type comprising a stator member and a rotormember, thelatter comprising an armature .core..a nd. an. armature. spiderldisposed on said. shaft. .adjacentuto .the rearcnd of .saidrotary-converter armature core and-spider, a plurality of slip ringsdisposed at the rear of said booster armatiire core and spider, andmeaus foipcausinga rentilating fluid ,to .pass from the commutator endthronglr... said longitudinal,,.ventilating passages in said rotary,leonverter eommutatorand armature.spiders and through said booster,toward said. slip r,in gs. I 7. The ,eombmatronofa rotary converterdisposed .on said. shaft, adjacent to the ,front end of saidarmatureeore. and ..spider,. said.

commutator spider having longitudinal ven-.

tilating passages,:and a booster of the unenclosed .type ,com p r sing astator member and a notor member,- .the.latterxcomprising ,an

armature. core and: an armature. spider dis posed onsaid sha ft adjacentto the rear end of said. rot-ar .',-conrerter armature coreand spider, aplurality of slip ringsdisposed. at the rear of said booster armaturecore and spider, -and means for, Causing a ventilating fluid to passfrom tha commutator end through said longitudinal ventilating..pas-...

sages in said rotary com-'erter commutator and armatnre spiders.v andthrough said booster; toward saidv slip. rings, means. for.

insuring that all of the ventilating fluid en: ters the passagesat theout-ercnd of commutator spider, characterizedby. a cylindrical bafilehetweenthe peripheries ofthe commutater sand. armature spider's. ofsaidrotary, conrerter, and means for \causin H a parallel, flow ofventilatingfiii id;oonstitutlng twisted..

or skewed commutator necks for blowing a blast of ventilating fluidagainst the front end of-the armature -core and windings of. said rotaryconverter, through said converter and external of said rotary armature.

8. The combination-of a rotary converterof theuuenclosedtype comprisinga stator member-and a rotor: member col-uprising a shaft, an. armature.(ore-having armature windings and radial ventilating passages, an

armature spidorhaving radial and longitudinal-ventilating passages,..acommutator member and commutator spider disposed on armature, coreandspider, said: commutator spider..lraving.longitudinal iontilatinpassages, and a booster of the unenelosec --type .1)osed. at the rear;of said booster. armature core andi spider,-.-and.-means for .causingaflow of ventilating.-

from. the i commutae. tor endtluro ugh .said longitudinal ventilating.

passages in said. rotary-converter commuta.

1m; and armaturespiders andpreventing flow of fiiu.d,througlrsaid.passages. from .saidslip. W 1f fllz d-byha substantiallyI'fldlr.

said sl1aft,.adjacent ,to .theiront. end; of said.

arn'iature core and spiderysaid con unutator. spiderel avmg.longitudinal ventilating passagessa .boostee. comprising a. stator,member .ally extending. bafilebetween the rotary cone router: :and the.booster, said, ventilating. means comprising, fan blades adjacent to,

llll

and a rotor .meinbep thelattercomprising...

an armature core and an, armature spider disposed on.said. shaft. adacent. to themear 0nd. of said ro tarry-converter, a rmaturecore I andspider,.-a plurality-of slip,rings,disposed at therearsof said-boosterarmature core. .and spider and .means for. drawing a ventilating: fluidfro11 1-. the commutator end throughpsaid longitudinal ventilating pas--sages. in said rotary eon renter commutator and armature spiders,-oharacter-ized. by va cylindrical baffle. .between .the :peripheries. ofthe cmnn utator and armature spiders .of said rotary converteizand asubstantially radially extending .bafile between the rotary converterand the-booster, said.,x-entilating,

..means comprising fanvbladesadjacent to,

and mainly in frontof, radial hafile.

10. The oombinationof a rotary c0nvert-.

.er cprnprising a. statormemberand a rotor.

member comprising a shaft, an armature core having armature windings andradial ventilating passages, an armature spider having radial andlongitudinal ventilating passages, a commutator member and commutatorspider disposed on said shaft adjacent to the front end of said armaturecore and spider, said commutator spider having longitudinal ventilatingpassages, and a booster comprising a stator member and a rotor member,the latter comprising an armature core and an armature spider disposedon said shaft adjacent to the rear end of said booster armature core andspider. means for drawing a ventilating fluid from the commutator endthrough said longitudinal ventilating passages in said rotary-convertercommutator and armature spiders, and means for insuring thatsubstantially no ventilating fluid from said slip rings is led into saidrotary-converter armature spider.

11. A rotary converter comprising a stator member and a rotor membercomprising a shaft, an armature core having armature windings and radialventilating passages, an armature spider having radial and longitudinalventilating passages, a commutator member and a commutator spiderdisposed on said shaft adjacent to the front end of said armature coreand spider, said commutator spider having longitudinal ventilatingpassages, a booster comprising a stator member and a rotor member, thelatter comprising an armature core and an armature spider disposed onsaid shaft adjacent to the rear end of said rotary converter armaturecore and spider, a plurality of slip rings disposed at the rear of saidbooster armature core and spider, means for drawing a ventilating fluidfrom the commutator end through said logitudinal ventilating passages insaid rotary converter commutator and armature spiders. and means forinsuring that substantially all of the ventilating fluid in both therotary converter and the booster flows in a rearward direction away fromthe commutator end and toward the slip ring end.

12. In a ventilating system for large dynamo-electric machines, thecombination of an enclosure having two compartments and ventilatingopenings therein, of a rotary converter of the unenclosed type withinsaid enclosure, and so arranged as to have its commutator end in one ofsaid compartments and its slip-ring end in the other, of means forforcing air into said commutator compartment, and means associated withsaid converter for insuring flow of ventilating fluid through saidconverter from the commutator end toward slip-ring end of saidconverter.

13. In a ventilating system for large dynamo-electric machines, thecombination of an enclosure having two compartments, and ventilatingopenings therein, of a rotary converter of the unenclosed type withinsaid enclosure, and so arranged as to have its commutator end in one ofsaid compartments and its slip-ring end in the other, of means forforcing air into said commutator compartment, means for admittingventilating fluid to said slip-ring compartment for separate cooling ofthe slip rings. and another opening in the wall of said slipringcompartment for providing exit of all of the fluid entering bothcompartments of said enclosure.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 3rd day ofSeptember, 1926.

FLOYD T. HAGUE.

